Objective: To learn how volcanoes erupt. Props: Enough sand for two groups, Enough vinegar for two groups, 1 red food coloring, sodium bicarbonate, two small plastic pots, 2 teaspoons. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uw8bkc-nR9U&t=106s (The content provided in the linked website is similar to the activity. You can decide whether you want to do the linked activity or the one described below). Step by step instructions
  1. Divide the students into two groups and the pack into teams.
  2. Provide them all with the equipment.
  3. Now ask them to make their volcanoes.
  4. Ask each team to put a small plastic pot in the center of a bowl and fill the bowl with sand to the top of the pot creating a volcano shape.
  5. Now put vinegar and red food color into the plastic pot.
  6. Add a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate.
  7. Now stand back and watch the volcano erupt!
Debrief
  1. Ask the teams to discuss why volcanoes exist and what they are. (Explain to them that a volcano is a mountain with a pool of molten rock below the surface. If a volcano is active, from time to time the molten rock and the gases that lie beneath will sometimes erupt, cause lava and gases to be realized).